The Eskdale 24 Book

THE "ESKDALE 24 BOOK"

COWPASTURE REGULATIONS FROM 1587

The following is a summary of the last part of the original 1587 award containing cowpasture regulations and what were supposed to be final notes- unfortunately some omitted entries had to be added after the "end". All material not in quotation marks is summarised.

COWPASTURE AND CATTLE DRIFTS

TEATHES
"Wm. Vicars Senior & William Vicars Junior" ... "they shall drive up at resting Stone and up at Redbefoard and up by the Milking foard Fould and Guddum peat Skailes even over at Catterbeck foot and up over into Gilderbeck how and let them go."

[Next page of 1794 version contains nothing but "Robert Fisher the Xth Day of Octor. 1660"]

BIRDHOW
"Christopher Vicars" ... "up his own Intack forth at the Thorne Rake and up back of the Whitehow and even forth on his own Gate to Guddum Peatskales and over at Catbeck at Gillhead and to the Gilderbeckeskcove their Cowpasture."

WHAES
"Robert Vicars and Henry Vicars"... "forth at Bleabeckhead and at the southside of Bullhow, and on so to the Foot of Catscove, and the Rantree on the Westside of Bullhow, to be the Ground Mark between the Tenants of Dawsons place and the Tenants of Whaes."

DAWSON PLACE [missed here in 1794 and inserted at end of book]
..."up at Clattergap, and forth at the Evilrakehow & up under the Oak at Brownhow, & up at the Foot of Minigatehow & over the Skale in the Bleabeck Dubbs and so let them go."

PEELPLACE
..."forth the Broadrake and up over the Fowle Brigges, and to the high Stone and to turn them upon the Southside of the said Stone and up to the Broad Mosse on their own Ground and let them go."

HARMATHOWS & CHRISTLIFF
..."either above the Eilebank or beneath whether they or any of them like the better."

PADOCKWRAY, HOLLINGS & HOWES
"Richard Tyson's Cow Drift of Hollings, John Nicholson's of Howes, & Edward Nicholson's of Padockwray with their Cowpasture" ... "every one of them shall drive forth at the Stongs, and so to any Place to the stoney Gate."

GILLBANK
"Edward Tyson's" ... "forth at Scalehow at the overside of the little Gill, and so even to the Hollow of Swinside and let them go."

BOUGHT & BORRADAILPLACE
..."up their own Bank or Rake and up little Acrehows and so line streight to the Bottom of Swinside and let them go at any Place downward of the White Moss and so to the Groves beneath the Footway or Path to Miterdaile from Church and Mill."

SPOUTHOUSE
"Robert Jackson & Henry Nicholson"... "up into their own Banks and to the Mark between Hollinghead & them."

HOLLINGHEAD
"Thos. Fisher" ... "up his own Bank, and forth at the Scaleyeate and up along his own Wall and so to the long Cragge. And the Cows of Hollinghow meet together then the Finder to turn reasonably forth of his own Ground without any hounding or beating"- fine 6/8 -"for them and all others. And when he taketh his Goods off the Moore he shall take them into his own Cowpasture. And every Man at the latter end of the Year shall not turn or put his Goods into any other Man's Cowpasture"- fine 6/8 per default- "but to fetch them away so soon as they know thereof."

HOLLINGHOW
"Henry Nicholson" ... "up his own Bank and up Bangarth, and forth at Sleapestone, and let them go."

YEATHOUSE & RANDLEHOW
[or "Randelhow"] ..."from their Howes up at the Head of Rakerigge, and no Man shall cut any Kind of Wood within another Cowpasture" fine 6/8 to Lord.

LOWHOLME & LANGREGREEN
..."up along Mite to the Lowplace Cowpasture"

LOWPLACE
..."next to these Tenants of Miterdailhead, whom it lyeth next and joyneth to at the overside and from little White Scarrehow in the great Hill beneath the How that hath the Wood in it and down line streight to the River of Mite and up the Brow to the Edge of the Hill above the Gate beneath Starbeck, and to put his Goods forth Winter an the high Starbeck green, and further that no Man shall drive any Sheep into the said Cowpasture, to leave them there, but if they come there, he to turn them reasonably forth" etc., fine 6/8 per default.

BAKERSTEAD [after Miterdale head in 1840 copy, but probably a mistake]
..."up above the Newgarth head and to the Rough-how-head, and let them go, and we judge the little How at the Rough how end, and the standing Stones at the Newgarthend, and the Holling at the Newgarthend aforesaid to be the Groundmark at the nether end for the Cowpasture of the five Tenants of Miterdailehead, and the Roundhow upon Longrigg to be the Groundmark at the over end."

THREE TENANTS OF MITERDAILHEAD
..."forth their own Rake to the Ellerhow and let them go." [see also next entry]

NICHOLAS NICHOLSON
..."up the Brest at the underside of the Close so to the Edge, and let them go; and we award for the Calf drift of the Tenants of Miterdailhead that they shall drive them to Emme Garth & let them go as they like"

PEATMOSS
"William Nicholson of Lowplace shall grave Peats in Care Moss, and Henry Nicholson of Hollinghow shall grave Peats in the Corner of the Moss next to the Stepstone where John Fisher hath graven, and to one gray Stone even over to one Hill appointed for a Mark."

DECLARATION
..."no Manner of Person or Persons shall drive out at any other Man's Outrake or Drift, or drive his Goods into his Neighbour's Heath or Pasture"- fine 6/8 to Lord- "and if any other Man's Goods go into any of their Neighbours Drift or Heath" ... "they shall not be hounded or beaten out, but the finder to put them forth reasonably of himself into their own Right"- fine 6/8- "And whereas also we the said 24 sworn Men have gone through the Lordship and have viewed and 5een every Man's improvement, and have considered upon the same, and who was behind, and had the smallest Share, we have set out to some more some less according to the Virtue of our Oaths, but not to the full Value as we thought it need. And we that have so warily & carefully done, trust that our Lord & Master and his Officers will satisfy and alow the same, whereby it may be inclosed and reasonably Rented, According to the Custom of the Lordship there."

BECKFOOT
"Cowdrift and Pasture"... "to go Horn to Horn with the Cows of Spout House peaceably there without any turning or beating of any Manner of People"- fine 6/8 per default.

HOLLGILL RIDDING
"George Porter Gentleman hath in Holgill Ridding for 18d rent. According as it was found by the Order of a former Jury, and we find that the sheep which goeth in the said Hollgill Reading upon that Rent aforesaid, that they shall go and fed to the lying Cragghead, and between the Gills to the standing Stones, and there the said Sheep of Hollgill Ridding, and the Sheep of Lowplace meet: and we find all the Ground between lying Cragghead and standing Stones between the Gills to the Southside of the Pinnes where the four Tenants meet, and comes to, as is afore specified belonging to the Lowplace, and if the Sheep of Hollgill Ridding come forth, or the Sheep of Lowplace go into the Farmed Ground whethersoever Party it be shall turn them in to their own Right reasonably" fine 6/8
"And to conclude we Judge that all the Tenants above named within the Lordship shall put their Goods into the Hollow of the Moore, at their Will and Pleasure at all Times limitted, and according to the Order aforesaid: and that no Man to turn them from the said Moore"- fine 6/8.

[Dawson Place cow-drift here in 1794 version]

"18th Day of March 20 Eliz. Anno Domini 1587"

"Thos. Tyson, Borradailplace Decr. 1794"

Other sections:
Present editor's introduction
The 1659 revised regulations
Introduction to the 1587 regulations
The 1587 regulations for sheep pasture
Sundry regulations and judgements from 1587